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The U.S. Pet Food Market
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Feb 1, 1997
298 Pages - Pub ID: LA469
Attention: There is an updated edition available for this report.
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- Executive Summary
- The Product
- Two Categories
- Four Product Forms; Eight Segments
- Retail Classifications
- Product Types
- The Market
- Market Size and Growth
- Market Projections
- Table 1-1: Size and Growth of the U.S. Pet Food Market:
- By Product Category, 1992 to 2001 (dollars)
- Supermarket Sales Declining
- Factors in Future Growth
- Market Composition
- The Marketers
- The Top Pet Food Marketers
- Competitive Trends
- Product Trends
- Advertising/Promotion
- Distribution/Retail
- Distribution
- Retail
- The Consumer
- General Pet Food Purchaser Profile
- Scope and Methodology
- Scope
- Two Product Categories: Dog and Cat Food
- Four Product Forms; Eight Segments
- The Retail Market
- Methodology
- The Product
- Scope and Background
- Two Product Categories: Dog and Cat Food
- Four Product Forms; Eight Segments
- The Retail Market
- Commercial Pet Food: A Brief History
- The Ingredients
- Nutritious Balance: Dogs vs. Cats
- Protein: Animal Sources
- Protein: Plant Sources
- Carbohydrates
- Fat
- Fat Content and FUS
- Controversial Additives
- Product Forms
- Dry Pet Food
- Various Shapes and Flavors
- Dry Food Advantages
- Dry Food Disadvantages
- Canned/Wet Pet Food
- Wide Variety of Flavors and Textures
- Palatability and Digestibility Major Advantages
- Semi-Moist Pet Food
- Variety of Shapes, Textures, and Flavors
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Semi-Moist Food
- Snacks: Usually Dry or Semi-Moist Forms
- Wide Assortment of Snack Sizes and Shapes
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Snack Use
- Product Types
- Product Types Formulated for Lifestage, Activity Level,
- and Special Dietary Needs
- Lifestage Product Types
- Activity Level Product Types
- Special Dietary Needs Product Types
- Light Products
- Product Types: By Better Quality of Ingredients
- Table 2-1: Examples of Better-Quality Product Type
- Attributes, 1997 (listing)
- Better-Quality Product Types: Natural, High-Nutrition, Gourmet
- Marketing Classification of Upscale Product Types:
- Premium, Specialty, Superpremium
- Packaging and Sizing: Dog Food
- Dry Food Predominantly Packaged in Bags
- Canned Food
- Semi-Moist Food
- Snacks
- Packaging and Sizing: Cat Food
- Canned Food: 5.5-Ounce Size Most Popular
- Dry Food Packaged in Boxes, Bags, and Jugs
- Semi-Moist Food Frequently Packaged in Stay-Fresh Pouches
- Snacks Usually Packaged in Small Sizes
- Regulation/Labeling
- General Guidelines Set at Federal Level
- Four Federal Labeling Requirements
- A proper product identification.
- A net quantity statement.
- A manufacturer's name and address.
- A proper list of ingredients.
- Specific Guidelines Set at State Level
- Four Product Nomenclature Rules
- The "95%" Rule
- The "25%/Dinner" Rule
- The "3%/With" Rule
- The Flavor Rule
- Nutritional Adequacy Statements
- Nutritional Adequacy and Lifestage Claims
- Feeding Directions
- Calorie Statement
- Guaranteed Analysis
- Nutrient Analysis: Canned vs. Dry
- Cans and Moisture Content-Labeling Exceptions
- Snacks-Labeling Exceptions
- The Market
- Market Size and Growth
- 1996 Sales at $8.7 Billion
- Dog Food at $5.1 Billion
- Cat Food at $3.6 Billion
- Table 3-1: Estimated Size and Growth of the U.S. Pet Food
- Market: By Category, 1988-1996 (dollars); Category:
- Overall, Dog Food, Cat Food
- Unit Volume: Roughly 11 Billion Pounds
- Pound Volume Declines in Food Stores
- The Dollar/Pound Dynamic
- Supermarket Sales by Product Category/Segment: Note
- Overall Supermarket Sales: 1989-1996
- Dry Foods Up in Both Dog and Cat Segments
- Canned Foods Down Somewhat
- Semi-Moist Falls Drastically
- Snacks: Dogs Down, Cats Up
- Table 3-2: Estimated Size and Growth of the U.S. Pet Food
- Market in Supermarkets: By Product Category/Segment;
- 1989, 1993, 1996 (dollars); Segment: Dry, Canned, Snacks,
- Semi-Moist
- Food vs. Nonfood Stores: Pet Food Growing Only in the Nonfood Sector
- Table 3-3: Estimated Size and Growth of the U.S. Pet Food
- Market: Food vs. Nonfood Outlets, 1989-1996 (dollars)
- Nonfood Store Sales Trends: By Outlet Type
- Factors in Future Growth
- Pet Population Jumps to 121 Million
- Table 3-4: Growth of the U.S. Dog and Cat Pet Population,
- 1982-1995 (number and percent change)
- Cats Still Lead Dogs in Pet Mix
- The Key Is Dogs
- Table 3-5: Mix of the U.S. Pet Population: Dogs vs. Cats,
- 1982-1995 (number and percent)
- Reasons for the Rise in Pets
- The Slow-Growth Economy
- Heightened Nutritional Awareness
- The Aging Baby Boomers
- Why Cats Now Outnumber Dogs
- Dog Population Growing-Especially Big Dogs and Purebreeds
- Boomers Are Moving to Rural Areas
- Industry Consolidation
- Rising Commodity Prices
- The BSE Threat
- Market Projections
- Market To Reach $10.5 Billion in 2001
- Table 3-6: Projected Size and Growth of U.S. Pet Food Market:
- By Category, 1996-2001 (dollars); Category: Overall, Dog
- Food, Cat Food
- Market Composition
- Dog Food Leads Cat Food in Dollar Share
- Dog Food vs. Cat Food: Pound Volume
- Figure 3-1: Share of U.S. Pet Food Market: Dog Food vs.
- Cat Food: Dollars vs. Pounds, 1996 (percent)
- Dog Food: Dry the Top Dollar Segment
- Dog Food Pound Volume by Segment
- Figure 3-2: Share of U.S. Supermarket Dog Food Dollar and
- Pound Sales: By Product Segment, 1996 (percent); Segment:
- Dry Dog Food, Canned Dog Food, Dog Snacks, Semi-Moist Dog Food
- Cat Food: Canned the Top Dollar Segment
- Cat Food Pound Volume by Segment
- Figure 3-3: Share of U.S. Supermarket Cat Food Dollar and
- Pound Sales: By Product Segment, 1996 (percent); Segment:
- Canned Cat Food, Dry Cat Food, Cat Snacks, Semi-Moist Cat Food
- Historical Trends: Dog Food by Segment
- Table 3-7: Estimated Share of U.S. Dog Food Dollar Sales in
- Supermarkets: By Product Segment, 1996 vs. 1993 vs. 1982
- (percent); Segment: Dry, Canned, Snacks, Semi-Moist
- Historical Trends: Cat Food by Segment
- Table 3-8: Estimated Share of U.S. Cat Food Dollar Sales in
- Supermarkets: By Product Segment, 1996 vs. 1993 vs. 1982
- (percent); Segment: Dry, Canned, Snacks, Semi-Moist
- Specialty/Superpremium Food Sales
- Retail Share: Food Stores Continue To Lose Share
- Table 3-9: Division of U.S. Pet Food Dollar Sales: Food vs.
- Nonfood Stores, 1988-1996 (percent)
- The Three Retail Leaders: Food Stores, Pet Stores, Discounters
- Table 3-10: Estimated Share of U.S. Pet Food Retail Sales:
- By Outlet Type, 1996 (percent); Outlet Type: Food Stores,
- Pet Stores, Discounters, Professional Outlets, Farm/Feed Stores, Other
- Professional Outlets and Farm/Feed Stores
- Other Outlets
- Private Labels: Supermarkets vs. Discounters
- Table 3-11: Private-Label's Share of U.S. Pet Food Dollar
- Sales: By Product Segment: Supermarkets vs. Discounters,
- 1995 (percent); Segment: Dry, Canned, Semi-Moist, Snacks
- Seasonality
- Regionality
- Table 3-12: Regionality of Pet Food Purchasing in the United
- States: By Product Segment, 1996 (percent); Dog Food and
- Cat Food Segments: Dry, Canned, Semi-Moist, Snacks
- The Export Market
- Exports Thriving
- U.S. Leading Global Pet Food Exporter
- Major Trading Partners
- Table 3-13: Top 10 Country Markets for U.S. Dog and Cat
- Food Exports, 1995 (dollars and percent); Country: Canada,
- Japan, United Kingdom, Italy, Germany, Mexico, France,
- Taiwan, Netherlands, Spain, Others
- Global Pet Food Consumption by Region
- Asia/Pacific Most Promising Export Market
- Other Regions/Countries with Potential
- Still Good Prospects in Europe
- Primary U.S. International Export Competitors: Australia and Thailand
- Europe Currently Offers Little Competition
- Export Difficulties
- Packaging/Labeling Problems
- Successful Exporting Requires Education
- International Trade Shows
- The Marketers
- The Marketers
- Number and Types of Marketers
- Diversified Brand Marketers
- Strengths/Weaknesses
- Focused Branded Specialty Marketers
- Strengths/Weaknesses
- Regionals and Private Labels
- Strengths/Weaknesses
- Leading Mass-Brand Marketers
- Leading Specialty-Brand Marketers
- Significant Minors: Mass Marketers
- Significant Minors: Specialty Marketers
- Private-Label Marketers
- Table 4-1: Major U.S. Pet Food Marketers and Their Brands:
- By Category and Segment, 1996 (listing); Marketer: Colgate-Palmolive, H.J. Heinz, Iams, Mars, Nestlé USA, Ralston-Purina,
- RJR Nabisco
- Table 4-2: Selected Minor U.S. Pet Food Marketers and Their
- Brands: By Category and Segment, 1996; Marketer: Allied
- Foods, American Nutrition, Bumble Bee Seafoods, Century
- PetCare/Pet Specialties, Dad's Products, Deep Run Packing,
- Doane Products, Gimborn-Redi, Health Valley Foods, Laddie
- Boy Pet Foods, Lick Your Chops, Martin's Feed Mills, Menu
- Foods, Natural Life Pet Products, Nutro Products, Old Mother
- Hubbard Neura Dog Food, Pet Life Foods, RCX Holdings,
- Strongheart Products, Sunshine Mills/American Pet Food,
- Triumph Pet Industries, Veterinary Nutritional Associates,
- Windy Hill Pet Food, Wysong Medical
- Marketer Shares
- Special Note: Specialty Marketers Not Included
- Special Note: On Recent Acquisitions
- Traditional Leader Ralston Still on Top-But Lead Threatened
- Table 4-3: Share of U.S. Pet Food Supermarket Sales: Top Four Marketers, 1995 (percent); Marketer: Ralston-Purina, Nestlé,
- Heinz, Mars, Other
- Nestlé and Heinz Now Within Striking Distance
- Mars in a "Second-Tier of One"
- Marketer Shares: Dog Food
- Ralston on Top
- Table 4-4: Share of U.S. Dog Food Supermarket Sales:
- By Marketer, 1995 (percent); Marketer: Ralston-Purina,
- Heinz, Mars, Nestlé, Nabisco, Other
- Major Ralston Dog Food Brands
- Heinz Rises to Strong Second Place
- Major Heinz and Quaker Dog Brands
- Mars Holds Third Place
- Nestlé Jumps to Fourth Place
- Nabisco Still Rules Dog Snacks
- Post-Acquisition Assessment: Dog Food Leaders by Segment
- Table 4-5: Marketer Shares of U.S. Dog Food Sales in Supermarkets:
- By Product Segment, 1995 (percent); Segment: Dry, Canned, Semi-
- Moist, Snacks; Marketer: Ralston-Purina, H.J. Heinz, Mars, Nestlé, RJR Nabisco, Other
- Marketer Shares: Cat Food
- Nestlé Bolsters Lead
- Table 4-6: Share of U.S. Cat Food Supermarket Sales: By Marketer,
- 1995 (percent); Marketer: Nestlé, Ralston-Purina, Heinz, Mars, Other
- Major Nestlé/Alpo Cat Food Brands
- Ralston Remains Second
- Major Ralston Cat Food Brands
- Heinz a Strong Third Place
- Mars Holds Down Number-Four Spot
- Post-Acquisition Assessment: Cat Food Leaders by Segment
- Table 4-7: Marketer Shares of U.S. Cat Food Sales in Supermarkets:
- By Product Segment, 1995 (percent); Segment: Canned, Dry, Semi-Moist, Snacks; Marketer: Nestlé, Ralston-Purina, H.J. Heinz, Mars, Other
- Brand Shares: Dog Food
- Dry Dog Food: Purina Dog Chow Remains on Top
- Pedigree Mealtime and Ralston's O.N.E. Rise to Second and Third Place
- Other Ralston Dry Brands Steady to Slightly Off
- Table 4-8: Share of U.S. Dry Dog Food Supermarket Sales:
- By Brand, 1995 vs. 1993 (percent); Brand: Purina Dog Chow,
- Pedigree Mealtime, O.N.E., Purina Puppy Chow, Ken-L Ration
- Kibbles 'n Bits 'n Bits 'n Bits, Kibbles and Chunks, Fit & Trim,
- Hi Pro, Field Trial, Alpo, Gravy Train, Mainstay, All Other Brands, Private Label
- Canned Dog Food: Pedigree Leads
- Alpo Prime Cuts Up to Number-Three Slot
- Heinz/Quaker Canned Dog Brands Faring Fairly Well
- Table 4-9: Share of U.S. Canned Dog Food Supermarket Sales:
- By Brand, 1995 vs. 1993 (percent); Brand: Pedigree, Pedigree
- Choice Cuts, Alpo Prime Cuts, Mighty Dog, Alpo, Skippy
- Premium, Gaines Cycle, Pedigree Select Dinners, Ken-L Ration,
- Reward, All Other Brands, Private Label
- Semi-Moist Dog Food: Ralston's Moist 'N Meaty Dominates
- New Life for Old Quaker Brands?
- Other Dog Semi-Moist Brands
- Table 4-10: Share of U.S. Semi-Moist Dog Food Supermarket
- Sales: By Brand, 1995 vs. 1993 (percent); Brand: Moist 'N
- Meaty, Special Cuts, Moist 'N Beefy, Butcher's Burgers, All
- Other Brands, Private Label
- Dog Snacks: Milk-Bone Still on Top
- Significant Minor Snacks
- Table 4-11: Share of U.S. Dog Snacks Supermarket Sales:
- By Brand, 1995 vs. 1993 (percent); Brand: Milk-Bone, Meaty
- Bone, Beggin' Strips, Jerky Treats, Pup-eroni, Alpo Bites, Bis-
- cuits, Bonz, Pup-eroni Lean, Milk-Bone Butcher's Choice, Alpo
- Snaps, Snausages, All Other Brands, Private Label
- Brand Shares: Cat Food
- Canned Cat Food: Friskies, 9 Lives, Fancy Feast on Top
- Whiskas and Alpo Premium
- Minor Canned Cat Brands
- Table 4-12: Share of U.S. Canned Cat Food Supermarket Sales:
- By Brand, 1995 vs. 1993 (percent); Brand: Friskies Buffet,
- Fancy Feast, 9 Lives, Whiskas, Alpo Premium, Sheba, Kal Kan Optimum, Amore, Purina Premium, Fresh Catch, All Other
- Brands, Private Label
- Dry Cat Food: Cat Chow and Friskies Tied
- Second-Tier Dry Cat Food
- Minor Dry Cat Brands
- Table 4-13: Share of U.S. Dry Cat Food Supermarket Sales:
- By Brand, 1995 vs. 1993 (percent); Brand: Purina Cat Chow,
- Friskies, Meow Mix, Chef's Blend, Crave Whiskas, Purina
- Special Care, Alley Cat, Deli Cat, 9 Lives Crunchy Meals, Kit
- 'N Kaboodle, Purina Kitten Chow, Kozy Kitten, O.N.E., Purina
- Cat Chow Mature, Alpo, Dad's, Field Trial, G. Whiskas, All
- Other Brands, Private Label
- Semi-Moist Cat Food: Tender Vittles with Lion's Share
- Table 4-14: Share of U.S. Semi-Moist Cat Food Supermarket
- Sales: By Brand, 1995 vs. 1993 (percent); Brand: Tender
- Vittles, Happy Cat, Others
- Cat Snacks: Pounce Dominates
- Table 4-15: Share of U.S. Cat Snacks Supermarket Sales: By
- Brand, 1995 vs. 1993 (percent); Brand: Pounce, Whisker
- Lickin's, Others
- The Competitive Situation
- A Radical Shakeup in Competitive Dynamics
- The New Supermarket Sector
- The Overall Market Is Suddenly a Horse Race
- Table 4-16: Post-Acquisition Estimated Marketer Shares of Overall
- U.S. Pet Food Market, 1996 (percent); Marketer: Ralston-Purina, Nestlé, Heinz, Hill's, Mars, Doane Products, Iams, Nutro, Sunshine Mills, Nabisco, All Others
- Dog Food: Ralston Finally Facing Competition
- Cat Food: Nestlé Bolsters Lead
- Long-Time Leader Ralston Is Suddenly Vulnerable
- Nestlé Pulls Within Striking Distance of Top Spot
- Heinz Has Strategy and Momentum
- Mars Falling Behind
- The Mass-Market Losers: Alpo, Quaker Oats, Nabisco
- The Specialty Winners: Hill's and Iams
- Value Winner: Doane Products
- Competitive Trends
- Major Trend: Consolidation
- More To Come?
- Acquisition Makes Sense
- Retail Shift Shaking Up Mass Marketers
- Specialty Marketers Also Feel Retail Repercussions
- The Mixed Record on Superpremiums
- The Opposite Fates of Therapeutic and Natural Mass Brands
- Light Foods Not Big Hits
- A Coming Channel Blend?
- Competitive Profile: Ralston-Purina
- Ralston Still on Top Due to Dry Food Dominance
- Sales Decline Since '89
- Traditional Lead Looking Precarious
- Potent New Rivals or a Simple Reshuffling?
- Reasons for Concern
- Resting on its Strengths
- A Product Upgrading Strategy
- Purina Nutrient Management
- Pro Plan
- O.N.E.
- Special Care and Nature's Course
- Courting the Specialty Sector
- Cultivating Vet Relations
- Also in Private Labels
- Spun Off Ralcorp in '94
- Ralston-Purina's Streamlined Focus
- Competitive Profile: Nestlé/Friskies Pet Care Products
- Number Two Posts Pet Food Sales of $1.35 Billion
- Nestlé/Alpo: A Strong Complement
- Production Capacity Up with Alpo
- Major Nestlé Brands
- Major Alpo Brands
- Integrating Alpo with Friskies
- So Far Concentrating on Alpo Cat Line
- Nominal Product Upgrading
- Fancy Feast Filet and Pâté
- A New Superpremium Dog Line
- Corporate Profile: Nestlé SA
- Competitive Profile: Heinz Pet Products
- Heinz on a Roll
- Heinz/Quaker: Potentially Explosive Synergy
- Major Heinz Brands
- Major Quaker Brands
- A Post-Acquisition Focus on Cats: 9 Lives
- Repositioning Pounce; Resurrecting Puss 'n Boots
- Operational Consolidation
- Three New Acquisitions
- Extending Global Reach
- Divests Tuffy's, Kozy Kitten
- Veterinary Joint Venture
- Thriving Private-Label Business
- The H.J. Heinz Co.
- Competitive Profile: Hill's Pet Products
- Global Sales over $800 Million
- U.S. Sales Stalling
- Two Primary Lines
- Sales Booming Overseas
- Hill's Strengths and Its Deep-Pocketed Parent
- Strong Links to Vets
- Obsessed with Controlling Sales, Distribution
- Control Fixation Breeds Discontent
- Hitting a Wall
- Responses to Growth Crisis: Line Upgrade, Downsizing, Expansion
- Violating the Supermarket Taboo
- The Ultimate Response: Hill's To Be Sold?
- Competitive Profile: Mars/Kal Kan
- Mars/Kal Kan in a Peculiar Position
- Overall Sales Declining
- Pedigree and Whiskas
- Since Late '80s: Pedigree Up, Whiskas Down
- Mars Top Global Marketer
- How Kal Kan Rose to International Preeminence
- Mars Losing Steam
- Some Line Upgrading
- Expanding Production, Distribution
- Must Mars Change Ownership?
- Competitive Profile: Doane Products
- Leading Private-Label Producer
- Wal-Mart Leading Customer
- Expanding Production
- Rejecting Ralston, Doane Sells to MBO Firm
- Competitive Profile: Iams
- Impressive Growth for Number-Two Specialty Marketer
- Iams Transforms Dry Pet Food
- Two Major Lines: Iams and Eukanuba
- Total Focus on Dog and Cat Food
- A Steady Stream of New Products
- Dedicated to Reinvestment, Education
- Competitive Profile: Nabisco Brands
- A Portrait of Decline
- Nabisco Supports Milk-Bone in 1990s
- But to Little Avail
- Other Competitive Profiles
- Sunshine Mills/American Pet
- Nutro Products
- Century PetCare
- Nature's Recipe Pet Foods
- Windy Hill Pet Food
- New Product Trends
- Overview: Major Trends Related to Product Upgrading
- New/Improved Reformulations
- New/Improved Brands
- Rice and Low-Allergenic Meats
- Seafood/Salmon
- Senior Lifestage Extensions
- Therapeutic Foods
- New Textures
- New Packaging Approaches
- New Niches: Sauce
- Pasta
- Large-Breed Puppy Food
- Pet Beverages
- Healthy Snacks
- Synthetic Snacks
- Table 4-17: Selected New U.S. Pet Food Product Introductions:
- By Marketer, 1995-1996 (listing); Marketer: Colgate-Palmolive,
- H.J. Heinz, Mars, Nestlé USA, Ralston-Purina, Allied Foods, Bench
- & Field, Century PetCare, Dad's Products, Diamond Bay Seafoods,
- Dr. George Hill, Innopet Products, Kelly Foods, Lambert Kay,
- M.D.E. Laboratories, North Side Feed Store, Old West Pet Treats,
- Pacific Coast Distributing, T & K Pet Products, USA-Petrx, World
- Brands
- Consumer Advertising Expenditures
- Ad Spending in Decline
- Spending on Dog Food
- Spending on Cat Food
- Spending on Combination Copy
- Leading Advertisers
- Ralston Leads in Ad Spending
- Mars Second in Consumer Advertising
- Nestlé Ranks Third
- Nabisco Number Four
- Iams in Fifth Place
- Heinz and Hill's
- Note on 1996 Ad Spending
- Advertising Positioning
- Two Primary Themes: Nutrition and Taste
- Nutrition Positioning
- The Health Appeal
- Lifestage Positioning
- Head-to-Head Positioning
- Positioning on Taste
- Gourmet Taste
- Spokespersons
- Spokescharacters
- Examples of Ads
- Consumer Promotions
- Coupons
- Sweepstakes, Contests, and Games
- Multiple-Price Offers
- Free Offers
- Examples of Consumer Promotions
- Distribution And Retail
- Distribution
- Mass Distribution vs. Limited Distribution
- Distribution Patterns
- Distributor Strategies
- Traditional Distribution in Flux
- Indy Specialty Distributors Most Vulnerable
- Indy Strategies
- Diversion
- Retail Overview
- Food Stores Primary Outlet
- Discounters Rising
- Average Margins: Supermarkets
- Table 5-1: Average Supermarket Margins for Pet Food Products:
- By Product Segment, 1995 (percent); Segment: Canned Dog,
- Canned Cat, Dry Dog, Dry Cat, Semi-Moist Dog, Semi-Moist Cat,
- Pet Snacks
- Average Margins: Nonfood Outlets
- Retail Focus: Supermarkets
- Supermarkets Continue To Bleed Share
- Much Is at Stake
- Limited Distribution Works Against Supermarkets
- Any Distribution Changes Would Favor Supermarkets
- Responses to Decline: The Superpremium Strategy
- Highlighting the Pet Food Section
- Expanding the Pet Section
- Supermarket Pessimists and Optimists
- Is the Limited-Distribution Wall Falling?
- Case Study: Century PetCare
- Retail Focus: Pet Stores
- Traditional Pet Stores: Vital Stats
- Pet Stores vs. Pet Superstores
- Pet Store Advantage: Livestock
- Improving Pet Store Merchandising and Visual Appeal
- Focusing on Strengths: Livestock and Service
- Establishing a Unique Niche
- Merchandising Advice for Pet Stores
- Retail Focus: Pet Superstores
- Pet Superstores Continue To Proliferate
- Rise to Over 10% Retail Share
- Selected Superstore Statistics
- Superstores Take Root in Highly Fragmented Markets
- Superstores Answer Demand for Convenience, Low Prices
- The Totality of the Shopping Experience a Draw
- A Variety of Services Incorporated
- But Pet Food Is Superstores' "Bread and Butter"
- Limited Livestock-But No Dogs or Cats
- Superstores Push Neutering and Adoption for Dogs and Cats
- Warehouse-Type vs. Retail-Type Superstores
- Superstores Emphasize High-Margin Specialty Foods
- Margin Squeeze
- Superstore Optimists and Skeptics
- A Superstore Growth Crisis?
- PetsMart and Petco: Top Two Chains Expanding
- Other Chains Selling Off to Top Two
- Top 10 Pet Retailers
- The Competitive SoCal Market
- PetsMart vs. Petco
- Profile: PetsMart
- Leading Pet Superstore
- Expanding Geographical Reach
- Big Plans for Future Expansion
- Store Size and SKUs
- Pricing Policy
- Sales/Merchandise Breakout
- The Original Warehouse-Style Concept
- PetsMart Evolves
- A Wide Array of Services
- Dog/Cat Adoption Program
- Controversial Veterinarian Program
- PetsMart Promotional Programs
- Print Promotions
- PetsMart Acquisitions: Petzazz and Pet City
- Profile: Petco Animal Supplies
- A Successful Superstore Transformation
- Acquires Pet Food Warehouse
- Petco's Mastermind: Brian Devine
- Bold Goals
- Wall Street Bullish on Petco
- Coexisting with PetsMart
- Petco Services
- Retail Trend: Private Labels
- Private Labels on the Rise
- Upscaling Private Labels
- Superstore Private Labels: PetsMart's Authority and Petco's Pet Gold
- Examples of Supermarket Upscale Private Labels
- Private Labels for Indy Pet Stores
- A Private Label for Feed Dealers
- Wal-Mart's Ol' Roy
- The Consumer
- Purchaser Profile Overview
- Two Generalizations: Middle-agers and Teenagers
- Cat vs. Dog Food Purchasers
- Semi-Moist Foods: A Downscale Profile
- Nonsignificant Factors
- The Purchaser: Dry Dog Food
- Number of Purchasers
- Purchaser Profile
- The Purchaser: Canned Dog Food
- Number of Purchasers
- Purchaser Profile
- The Purchaser: Semi-Moist Dog Food
- Number of Purchasers
- Purchaser Profile
- The Purchaser: Dog Snacks
- Number of Purchasers
- Purchaser Profile
- The Purchaser: Canned Cat Food
- Number of Purchasers
- Purchaser Profile
- The Purchaser: Dry Cat Food
- Number of Purchasers
- Purchaser Profile
- The Purchaser: Semi-Moist Cat Food
- Number of Purchasers
- Purchaser Profile
- The Purchaser: Cat Snacks
- Number of Purchasers
- Purchaser Profile
- [Chart] Table 6-1: Demographic Characteristics Favoring Use of
- Packaged Dog Food: By Product Type, 1996 (listing); Factor:
- Sex, Age, Education, Employment, Occupation, Family Status,
- Region, Locality, Race, Household Income, Household Size,
- Children in Household; Type: Dry, Canned, Semi-Moist, Snacks
- [Chart] Table 6-2: Demographic Characteristics Favoring Use of
- Packaged Cat Food: By Product Type, 1996 (listing); Factor:
- Sex, Age, Education, Employment, Occupation, Family Status,
- Region, Locality, Race, Household Income, Household Size,
- Children in Household; Type: Dry, Canned, Semi-Moist, Snacks
Appendix I: Examples Of Advertising
- Consumer Advertising
- Consumer Promotions
- Retailer Advertisements
Appendix II: Addresses Of Selected Marketers
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